Fixed UK projects
| Project | Project capacity (GW) |
|---|---|
| Rampion | 0.400 |
Fixed UK projects
| Project | Project capacity (GW) |
|---|---|
| Thanet | 0.300 |
Fixed UK projects
| Project | Project capacity (GW) |
|---|---|
| Kentish Flats Extension | 0.049 |
| Kentish Flats | 0.090 |
Fixed UK projects
| Project | Project capacity (GW) |
|---|---|
| Gunfleet Sands | 0.173 |
Fixed UK projects
| Project | Project capacity (GW) |
|---|---|
| London Array | 0.630 |
Fixed UK projects
| Project | Project capacity (GW) |
|---|---|
| Greater Gabbard | 0.504 |
| Galloper | 0.353 |
Fixed UK projects
| Project | Project capacity (GW) |
|---|---|
| East Anglia ONE | 0.714 |
Fixed UK projects
| Project | Project capacity (GW) |
|---|---|
| Scroby Sands | 0.060 |
Fixed UK projects
| Project | Project capacity (GW) |
|---|---|
| Sheringham Shoal | 0.317 |
Fixed UK projects
| Project | Project capacity (GW) |
|---|---|
| Dudgeon | 0.402 |
Fixed UK projects
| Project | Project capacity (GW) |
|---|---|
| Race Bank | 0.573 |
| Triton Knoll | 0.857 |
Fixed UK projects
| Project | Project capacity (GW) |
|---|---|
| Lynn | 0.097 |
| Inner Dowsing | 0.097 |
| Lincs | 0.270 |
Fixed UK projects
| Project | Project capacity (GW) |
|---|---|
| Humber Gateway | 0.219 |
| Westermost Rough | 0.210 |
Fixed UK projects
| Project | Project capacity (GW) |
|---|---|
| Hornsea Project One | 1.218 |
| Hornsea Project Two | 1.386 |
Fixed UK projects
| Project | Project capacity (GW) |
|---|---|
| Rhyl Flats | 0.090 |
| North Hoyle | 0.060 |
| Gwynt y Môr | 0.576 |
| Burbo Bank Extension | 0.258 |
| Burbo Bank | 0.090 |
Fixed UK projects
| Project | Project capacity (GW) |
|---|---|
| West of Duddon Sands | 0.389 |
| Barrow | 0.090 |
| Walney - phase 1 | 0.184 |
| Walney - phase 2 | 0.184 |
| Walney Extension | 0.659 |
| Ormonde | 0.150 |
Fixed UK projects
| Project | Project capacity (GW) |
|---|---|
| Robin Rigg | 0.174 |
Fixed UK projects
| Project | Project capacity (GW) |
|---|---|
| Teesside | 0.062 |
Fixed UK projects
| Project | Project capacity (GW) |
|---|---|
| Blyth Offshore Demonstrator - phase 1 | 0.041 |
Fixed UK projects
| Project | Project capacity (GW) |
|---|---|
| Levenmouth demonstration turbine | 0.007 |
Fixed UK projects
| Project | Project capacity (GW) |
|---|---|
| Seagreen | 1.140 |
Fixed UK projects
| Project | Project capacity (GW) |
|---|---|
| Aberdeen (EOWDC) | 0.097 |
Fixed UK projects
| Project | Project capacity (GW) |
|---|---|
| Moray West | 0.882 |
| Moray East | 0.950 |
| Beatrice | 0.588 |
UK offshore wind farm projects in operation
Please click on a hotspot on the map to see more information about an offshore wind project.
Supplier list (examples only)
The list of suppliers is indicative rather than exhaustive. We have focused on suppliers with proven capability and generally have not listed suppliers with likely future capability or located distant from the UK (for example in US or China). Nevertheless, any omission does not reflect any judgement of a company’s capabilities. Supply chains for other national markets are not considered.
| Heading number | Supply chain category | Supply chain subcategory | Supplier |
|---|---|---|---|
| P | Development and Project management | EDF Renewables, EDP Renewables, E.ON, Equinor, RWE, Ørsted, Red Rock Power, ScottishPower Renewables, SSE, Vattenfall and Flotation Energy. | |
| P.1 | Development and consenting services | Development and consenting services | ABL Group, APEM, Arup, BVG Associates, DORIS, ERM, Entrust Professional, Kinewell Energy, Lloyd's Register, Mott MacDonald, OEG Renewables, RPS, Turner & Townsend, Wood Thilsted and Xodus. |
| P.1.1 | Development and consenting services | Environmental impact assessments | AECOM, Arcus, Cura Terrae Land & Nature, GoBe, Intertek, Land Use Consultants, Natural Power (Fred. Olsen), Royal Haskoning, RPS ,SLR, Sealand Projects, ERM and Arup. |
| P.2 | Environmental surveys | Environmental surveys | Applied Genomics, APEM, Carcinus, ERM, Fugro, Fred. Olsen, Gardline Marine Services,RPS, RSK Environment, SLR, Natural Power, Ocean Ecology, Arup, BMT, DORIS, Global Maritime, Mott MacDonald, Ocean Infinity, Sulmara, Venterra, Wood Thilsted, Xodus, and Briggs Marine. |
| P.2.1 | Environmental surveys | Benthic environmental surveys | ABPmer, APEM, Fugro, Gardline, Ocean Ecology and Natural Power (Fred. Olsen). |
| P.2.2 | Environmental surveys | Fish and shellfish surveys | ABPmer, APEM, Fugro, Gardline, Natural Power (Fred. Olsen) and Precision Marine. |
| P.2.3 | Environmental surveys | Ornithological environmental surveys | APEM, ECON, ESS Ecology, HiDef Aerial Surveying, FLI Services, Fred. Olsen and RPS. |
| P.2.4 | Environmental surveys | Marine mammal environmental surveys | ABPmer, APEM, Cork Ecology, ECON, ESS Ecology, Fugro, Gardline, HiDef Aerial Surveying, Jon Ford Environmental, Natural Power (Fred. Olsen), Ocean Information Services, HiDef Aerial Surveying Ltd, Seiche and RPS. |
| P.2.4.1 | Environmental surveys | Offshore ornithological and mammal surveying vessels and craft | Vessels: Enviro-serve, Fugro, Ocean Information Services and Gardline. Aircraft (including, but not limited to): APEM, Green Rebel, and HiDef Surveying. |
| P.2.5 | Environmental surveys | Onshore environmental surveys | Andrew McCarthy Associates, APEM, BCM Environs, ESS Ecology, Fred. Olsen, Natural Power, RSK and Thomson Ecology. |
| P.2.6 | Environmental surveys | Human impact studies | BizGive, ERM, Hayes Mackenzie, Hoare Lea, LUC, Royal HaskoningDHV, RPS and SLR. |
| P.3 | Resource and metocean assessment | Resource and metocean assessment | Floating lidars: AXYS Technologies, EOLOS, EOLFI, IDS Monitoring, Fraunhofer IWES, Fugro, RPS and ZX Lidars. Lidar units: Leosphere and ZX Lidars. Metocean campaigns and buoys: AXYS Technologies, Fugro, Sonardyne and Partrac. Reference data provision: The Met Office, StormGeo and Vortex. Resource campaign management and design: AXYS Technologies, DNV, Fugro, K2 Management, Natural Power, Oldbaum, ZX Measurement, RPS, Arup, BMT, DORIS, Global Maritime, HR Wallingford, Mott MacDonald, Venterra, Wood, Wood Thilsted, Xodus and Briggs Marine. |
| P.4 | Geological and hydrographical surveys | Geological and hydrographical surveys | CMS Geoscience, EGS, Fugro, G-tec, Gardline, Horizon, MMT, ABL Group, Arup, Cathie, DORIS, Mott MacDonald, Ocean Infinity, OEG Renewables, RPS, Sulmara, Venterra, Wood Thilsted, Tekmar Group, Acteon Group, Briggs Marine, Enshore Subsea, Oceaneering, Ultrabeam and James Fisher Marine Services. |
| P.4.1 | Geological and hydrographical surveys | Geophysical surveys | AAE Technologies, Acteon, Argeo, Fugro, Gardline, G-tec, Horizon Geosciences, Inosys,, MMT, Oceaneering, Kraken, Ternan Energy, TGS, and Sulmara. |
| P.4.1.1 | Geological and hydrographical surveys | Geophysical survey vessels | Fugro, Gardline, Hydrosurv, Kraken Robotics, Horizon Geosciences, MMT, Sulmara and XOCEAN. |
| P.4.2 | Geological and hydrographical surveys | Geotechnical surveys | Fugro, G-tec, Gardline, Geoquip Marine, OWC, Rydar Geotechnical, Horizon and Sulmara. |
| P.4.2.1 | Geological and hydrographical surveys | Geotechnical survey vessels | Fugro, G-tec, Gardline, Sulmara and Horizon. |
| P.4.3 | Geological and hydrographical surveys | Hydrographic surveys | Specialist hydrographic survey companies such as Fugro, Gardline and MMT perform the surveys and consultants such as ABPmer and HR Wallingford undertake the impact modelling. |
| P.5 | Autonomous survey vessels | Autonomous survey vessels | XOCEAN, Ocean Infinity, Fugro, Sea-Kit, L3Harris, Saildrone, Kongsberg Maritime, Subsea7, Sulmara and Saab Seaeye. |
| P.6 | Engineering and consultancy | Engineering and consultancy | Arup, Apollo, Mott MacDonald, Kent, ABL Group, APEM, BMT, BVG Associates, Cathie, Chartwell Marine, DORIS, Global Maritime, ERM, HR Wallingford, Kinewell Energy, Mott MacDonald, Ocean Infinity, OEG Renewables, Offshore Solutions Group, RPS, SeaRoc, Sulmara, Turner & Townsend, Venterra, Wood, Wood Thilsted, Xodus, First Marine Solutions, First Subsea, JDR Cable Systems, Tekmar Group, Acteon group, CASC, Correll Group, Enshore Subsea, Heavy Lift Projects, Maritime Developments, Motive Offshore Group, Oceaneering, Pharos Offshore, Seaway 7, SMD, W3G Marine, Verlume, Western Isles Marine, Environment Ltd (Atlantic58), Entrust Professional and ONYX Insight. |
| T | Wind Turbine | GE Vernova, Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy (SGRE) and Vestas, CSSC Haizhuang, Doosan, Dongfang Electric Corporation, Envision, Goldwind, MingYang, Shanghai Electric and Unison. | |
| T.1 | Nacelle | Nacelle | Nacelles are assembled by the wind turbine supplier, using components generally sourced from a range of external suppliers. Fasteners: Cooper & Turner Polymer solutions: Nylacast |
| T.1.1 | Nacelle | Bedplate | Bedplates are normally cast SG iron, with a steel fabricated rear section. Casting: Fonderia Vigevanese, MeuselWitz Guss, Sakana, Siempelkamp and Silbitz. Only some can manufacture the largest bedplates for offshore turbines today. Fabrications: A reasonable range of steel fabricators exist capable of bedplate manufacture. |
| T.1.2 | Nacelle | Main bearing | Liebherr, James Walker (Lip seals only), Schaeffler, SKF, Waukesha Bearings, and thyssenkrupp. |
| T.1.3 | Nacelle | Main shaft | Brück and thyssenkrupp. |
| T.1.4 | Nacelle | Gearbox | Lamond and Murray, Moventas, Renk and ZF Wind Power. |
| T.1.5 | Nacelle | Generator | ABB, Elin, GE, GreenSpur, Ingeteam, Leroy Somer, P.P.I Engineering and VEM. |
| T.1.6 | Nacelle | Power take-off | Power converters: ABB, AVK SEG, GE Power Conversion, Ingeteam and The Switch. Transformers: ABB, CG (Pauwels), GE Power Conversion, Schneider Group, SGB and Siemens Power Transmission and Distribution. Switchgear: CG (Pauwels), GE Grid Solutions, S&C and Siemens Power Transmission and Distribution. Cabling: Draka (Prysmian), Nexans and Prysmian. |
| T.1.7 | Nacelle | Control system | Bachmann, DEIF, KK-Electronic and Mita Teknik. |
| T.1.8 | Nacelle | Yaw system | ABB, Bonfiglioli, Bosch Rexroth and VEM. |
| T.1.9 | Nacelle | Yaw bearing | IMO, Liebherr, R&M Bearings International and thyssenkrupp. |
| T.1.10 | Nacelle | Nacelle auxiliary systems | Brake: Siegerland, Stromag and Svendborg. Cooling: Hydac andWindsyn. Air conditioning: Cotes. Anemometry: FT Technologies, Gill Instruments, Kipp & Zonen, NRG Systems, Orga, Thies, Vaisala and Vector Instruments. Fire protection: Danfoss, Firetrace and Minimax. Uninterruptible power supply (UPS): AKI Power Systems. Internal service crane: Effer, Hiab, Liftra and Palfinger Marine. |
| T.1.11 | Nacelle | Nacelle cover | Bach Composites Industry, Eikboom and Sigmatex. |
| T.1.12 | Nacelle | Small engineering components | Many items are off-the-shelf or can be manufactured by a range of metalworking companies. |
| T.1.13 | Nacelle | Structural fasteners | August Friedberg, Clyde Cooper & Turner, Fuchs & Sanders, Gexpro Services and Multifix. |
| T.1.14 | Nacelle | Condition monitoring system | Brüel & Kjær Vibro, Gram & Juhl, SecondWind and SKF. |
| T.2 | Rotor | Rotor | Wind turbine rotors are usually designed and supplied by the wind turbine supplier as part of the complete wind turbine. Independent blade manufacturers are used by some wind turbine suppliers. Blade assemblies: GE, Siemens, and Vestas Blade moulds: DFS Composites Fasteners: Cooper & Turner Polymer solutions: Nylacast Bearings: R&M Bearings International |
| T.2.1 | Rotor | Structural composite materials | 3A Composites, Airtech, Diab, Gurit, Hexel, Owens Corning, PPG, SGL and Zoltek. |
| T.2.2 | Rotor | Blade root | An integral element of a blade design, blade roots are designed then manufactured by the blade supplier using bought-in items. |
| T.2.3 | Rotor | Environmental protection | Lightning protection systems are an integral element of a blade design and the design of other turbine components in the conduction path to earth. They are manufactured by the blade and other relevant component suppliers using bought-in items. Leading edge protection: 3M. Coatings: Akzo Nobel, Bergolin and Mankiewicz. |
| T.2.4 | Rotor | Hub casting | Fonderia Vigevanese, MeuselWitz Guss, Sakana, Siempelkamp and Silbitz. Only some can manufacture the largest hubs for offshore turbines today. |
| T.2.5 | Rotor | Blade bearings | Dover Precision Components, IMO, Liebherr, Rollix, SKF and thyssenkrup. |
| T.2.6 | Rotor | Pitch system | See details of hydraulic and electric systems, below. |
| T.2.6.1 | Rotor | Hydraulic pitch system | Bosch Rexroth, Fritz Schur and Hydratech Industries. |
| T.2.6.2 | Rotor | Electric pitch system | MOOG and SSB Wind Systems. |
| T.2.7 | Rotor | Spinner | Bach Composites Industry, Eikboom. |
| T.2.8 | Rotor | Rotor auxiliary systems | Automatic lubrication systems: Lincoln and SKF. |
| T.2.9 | Rotor | Fabricated steel components | Gartsherrie, George Mcdade and Sons, Granfab, Harry Maiden, Miller Steel and Moretube Engineering. |
| T.3 | Tower | Tower | CS Wind, Gestamp Renewable Industries, GSG Towers, Haizea Wind Group, Hutchinson, Titan Wind Energy, Global Energy Group and Welcon. Fasteners: Cooper & Turner Polymer solutions: Nylacast |
| T.3.1 | Tower | Steel | Dillinger Hütte, Ilsenburger, Rukki, Salzgitter, Siegthaler, Severfield, CASC, Tata Steel and thyssenkrupp. Agents are also used to source and manage supply. |
| T.3.2 | Tower | Tower internals | Granfrab, Energy Integrity Services, Sedwell, JR Dynamics, Global Energy Group. |
| T.3.2.1 | Tower | Personnel access and survival equipment | Elevator: Avanti, Hailo and Power Climber Wind. Fall arrest: Avanti, Latchways, Limpet Technology, Prisma Components and Uniline Safety. |
| T.3.2.2 | Tower | Tuned damper | Tuned dampers are generally made from bought-in items. |
| T.3.2.3 | Tower | Electrical system | These items are generally supplied by the turbine manufacturer to the tower manufacturer for fit-out. |
| T.3.2.4 | Tower | Tower internal lighting | All parts are standard, with many suppliers, for example Chalmit. |
| T.3.2.5 | Tower | Coatings | AkzoNobel, BASF, Hempel, NOF Metal Coatings Europe, PPG and Teknos. |
| B | Balance of Plant | ||
| B.1 | Cables | Cables | Cable manufacturers include Apollo, Hydro Group, Hellenic Cables, ICS2, JDR Cable Systems, LS Cable & System, Nexans, NKT, Prysmian, Sumitomo Electric and TKF. |
| B.1.1 | Cables | Export cable | Export cable manufacturers include Hellenic Cables, LS Cable & System, Nexans, NKT, Prysmian and Sumitomo Electric. |
| B.1.1.1 | Cables | Cable core | Cable cores are typically manufactured by the cable manufacturer such as JDR Cables. Usually, complete cable cores are manufactured and assembled at the same site to reduce the transportation costs of the different components. |
| B.1.1.2 | Cables | Cable outer | Commodity suppliers. Fibre optic manufacturers: Hexatronic, Huber+Suhner. Fibre optic jointers and systems: Aceda and CCL UK. |
| B.1.1.3 | Cables | Cable accessories | Interface plugs: Pfisterer, Ridderflex and TE Connectivity. Hang-off clamps: BMP, Vos Prodect and WT Henley. Cable connectors: Nexans, Pfisterer. Cable terminations: Prisma Components Cable grips: Prisma Components |
| B.1.1.4 | Cables | Cable jointing and testing | In house by cable manufacturers. Independents: Maillefer, Power CSL and WT Henley. |
| B.1.2 | Cables | Array cable | Array cable manufacturers include Hellenic Cables, JDR Cable Systems, LS Cable & System, Nexans, NKT, Oceaneering, Prysmian, Sumitomo Electric and TKF. There are other cable manufacturers based in China and Japan, but they have yet to be used widely for UK projects. |
| B.1.3 | Cables | Cable protection | Suppliers for cable protection include Balmoral, Subsea Protection Systems, Tekmar, Trelleborg, Protectorshell, Vos Prodect, WT Henley, CRP Subsea, First Subsea and Subsea Energy Solutions. |
| B.2 | Turbine foundation | Turbine foundation | Design: Ramboll, COWI, Atkins, Wood Thilsted and Ballast Nedam. Monopiles: EEW, Sif, CS Wind, Dillinger Hütte, Dajin Heavy Industries, Haizea Windgroup, SeAH Wind Limited and Riggs Distler. Transition pieces: CS Wind, Smulders, Sif and EEW. Jackets: Lamprell, Smulders, Navantia Windar, SK Oceanplant and Eni. Gravity bases: Bouygues Travaux Publics, Per Aarsleff A/S, Bilfinger, BAM Nuttall and Ballast Nedam. |
| B.2.1 | Turbine foundation | Monopile | EEW, Sif, CS Wind, Dillinger Hütte, Dajin Heavy Industries, Haizea Windgroup, SeAH Wind Limited, Cambridge Vacuum Engineering and Riggs Distler. |
| B.2.2 | Turbine foundation | Jacket | Jacket suppliers include Cedeco, W3G Marine, Lamprell, Smulders, Navantia Windar, SK Oceanplant and Eni. |
| B.2.3 | Turbine foundation | Transition piece | Transition piece suppliers include CS Wind, Smulders, Sif and EEW. Fabrication suppliers include: Severfield, Hutchinson, CASC, Global Engineering and CRC Evans. Often supplied through a joint venture with the monopile supplier. |
| B.2.3.1 | Turbine foundation | Crew access system and work platform | The crew access system and work platform are usually supplied as part of the transition piece, see suppliers of transition pieces [B.2.3]. In practice, the steelwork for the crew access system and work platform may be subcontracted to a smaller steelwork supplier. |
| B.2.3.2 | Turbine foundation | Internal platforms | These are usually supplied by the supplier of transition pieces [B.2.3]. In practice, the steelwork for the internal platforms may be subcontracted to a smaller steelwork supplier. |
| B.2.3.3 | Turbine foundation | Davit crane | Suppliers of davit cranes include CraneSolutions, Demag Cranes, Granada Material Handling, Liftra, Palfinger Marine and Sparrows Group. |
| B.2.3.4 | Turbine foundation | J-tubes, I-tube or monopile entry point | These are usually supplied by the supplier of jacket [B.2.2] or transition piece [B.2.3]. In practice, the steelwork for the J-tubes or I-tube may be subcontracted to a smaller steelwork supplier. A monopile entry point will be formed in the monopile by the monopile supplier. |
| B.2.4 | Turbine foundation | Corrosion protection | Suppliers of corrosion protection coatings suitable for use on offshore foundations include CRC Evans, Gorilla Corrosion, Hempel, International Paint and Jotun. Suppliers of cathodic protection systems include CORROSION, Cathelco, Imenco Corrosion Technology and Impalloy. |
| B.2.5 | Turbine foundation | Scour protection | Rock installation firms: Boskalis, Peter Madsen Rederi, DEME and Van Oord Offshore Wind. Scour mat suppliers: Exo Engineering, Naue, Norfolk Marine and SSCS. Rock bag suppliers: Ridgeway and Pipeshield. |
| B.3 | Offshore substation | Offshore substation | Electrical system: Hitachi Energy, GE Grid Solutions and Siemens Energy. Topside structure: Aibel, CS Wind, Smulders and Seatrium. Systems integrators: Engie Fabricom, Iberdrola, Ørsted, Petrofac and Semco. Structural designers: Arup, Atkins, ISC and Ramboll. |
| B.3.1 | Offshore substation | Electrical system | Hitachi Energy, GE Grid Solutions and Siemens Energy. |
| B.3.1.1 | Offshore substation | HVAC system | Acrastyle, Hornbill Engineering, Hitachi Energy, GE Grid Solutions, Linxon UK, Nucore Group and Siemens Energy. |
| B.3.1.2 | Offshore substation | HVDC system | A&T Enclosures, Acrastyle, Hornbill Engineering, Hitachi Energy, GE Grid Solutions and Siemens Energy. |
| B.3.2 | Offshore substation | Auxiliary Systems | Building monitoring systems (fire and gas detection, CCTV, access, security) suppliers include Communications and networking: Atos, Cisco, Cobham Wireless, Motorola and Semco Maritime Crane: Demag, Granada and Kenz Figee Diesel generator: Aggreko, Caterpillar, Iveco, Midas and Mitsubishi Fire and blast protection: Mech-Tools (steel) and Solent Composite Systems (composites) Heating, ventilation and air conditioning: Heinen & Hopman, Oteac, and Helicopter fuelling systems: Imenco Supply of general facilities is often local to assembly of the substation. |
| B.3.3 | Offshore substation | Topside Structures | Aibel, Babcock, CS Wind, Smulders and Seatrium. |
| B.4 | Substation foundation | Substation foundation | Dajin Heavy Industry Corporation, Eversendai, Lamprell and Smulders. |
| B.5 | Onshore substation | Onshore substation | They are generally contracted to the same main contractor as the offshore substation electrical system [B.3.1]. Suppliers include: AJ Engineering & Construction Services, Linxon, and Morgan Marine. |
| B.5.1 | Onshore substation | Electrical system | They are generally contracted to the same main contractor as the offshore substation electrical system [B.3.1]. |
| B.5.2 | Onshore substation | Buildings, access and security | Buildings: any provider with a suitable track record of constructing architect-designed industrial buildings can respond to a tender to construct the building and compounds. Access and security: industrial fencing, security including CCTV, access control systems, industrial LV systems, HVAC (short for heating, ventilation and air-conditioning) will be put out to tender and can be supplied by any pre-qualified supplier. |
| B.6 | Operations base | Operations base | The wind farm owner is likely to choose a local construction company for the construction of the operations base. |
| I | Installation and commissioning | Installation: Suppliers listed in relevant sections below. Full engineer, procure, construct and install (EPCI) services: Boskalis, DEME Group (A2Sea, GeoSea and Tideway), Jan de Nul, MPI Offshore, Subsea 7 (Seaway Heavy Lifting, Seaway Offshore Cables) and Van Oord Offshore Wind. |
|
| I.1 | Foundation installation | Foundation installation | Bauer Offshore Technologies, Boskalis, Fred. Olsen WindCarrier, GeoSea (DEME Group), Jan de Nul, Jumbo Offshore (transition pieces only), Newwaves Solutions, Foundocean (grouting only), Osbit, SAL Heavy Lift (transition pieces only), Saipem, Scaldis Salvage & Marine, SeaJacks, Seaway Heavy Lifting (Subsea 7), Swire Blue Ocean and Van Oord Offshore Wind. |
| I.1.1 | Foundation installation | Foundation installation vessel | Operators: Boskalis, Fred. Olsen WindCarrier, GeoSea (DEME Group), Jan de Nul, Jumbo Offshore, SAL Heavy Lift, Saipem, Scaldis Salvage & Marine, SeaJacks, Seaway Heavy Lifting (Subsea 7 Group), Swire Blue Ocean and Van Oord Offshore Wind. Vessel manufacturers: as for turbine installation vessels [I.6.1]. |
| I.1.1.1 | Foundation installation | Foundation handling equipment | Suppliers include IHC IQIP, Houlder and Temporary Works Design. |
| I.1.1.2 | Foundation installation | Foundation installation equipment | Piling equipment: Cape Holland, Fistuca, IHC IQIP, Menck and PVE. Noise mitigation: IHC IQIP and W3G Marine. |
| I.1.1.3 | Foundation installation | Sea fastenings | Suppliers include ALE, Durham Sheet Metal, MC Construction, Semco Maritime and Temporary Works Design. |
| I.2 | Offshore substation installation | Offshore substation installation | The installation often forms part of the substation supply contract. Marine contractors include Boskalis, DEME, Heerema, Saipem, Scaldis Salvage & Marine, Seaway 7, Van Oord and ZPMC. |
| I.2.1 | Offshore substation installation | Substation installation vessel | Operators include Bonn & Mees, Heerema, Huisman, Saipem, Scaldis Salvage & Marine, Seajacks, Seaway 7 and ZPMC. |
| I.3 | Onshore substation construction | Onshore substation construction | Balfour Beatty, J Murphy and Jones Bros. |
| I.4 | Onshore export cable installation | Onshore export cable installation | Construction companies: Balfour Beatty, J Murphy and Sons, NKT, Nexans, Powertek Utilities Group and VolkerStevin. Marine contractors: DeepOcean and Global Offshore. |
| I.5 | Offshore cable installation | Offshore cable installation | Marine contractors: Aquatic Engineering and Construction, Boskalis, DEME, DeepOcean, Global Marine, Global Offshore, Huisman, IKM Testing, Jan de Nul, Oceanteam, Seaway 7 and Van Oord. Cable manufacturers with installation capabilities: Nexans, NKT and Prysmian. |
| I.5.1 | Offshore cable installation | Export cable installation | Marine contractors: Boskalis, DEME, DeepOcean, Global Marine, Global Offshore, Huisman, Jan de Nul, Oceanteam, Seaway 7 and Van Oord. Cable manufacturers with installation capabilities: Nexans, NKT and Prysmian. |
| I.5.2 | Offshore cable installation | Array cable installation | Marine contractors: Boskalis, DEME, DeepOcean, Global Marine, Global Offshore, Huisman, Jan de Nul, Oceanteam, Seaway 7 and Van Oord. Cable manufacturers with installation capabilities: Nexans, NKT and Prysmian. |
| I.5.3 | Offshore cable installation | Cable-laying vessel | Marine contractors: Boskalis, DEME, DeepOcean, Global Marine, Global Offshore, Jan de Nul, Oceanteam, Seaway 7 and Van Oord. Cable manufacturers with installation capabilities: Nexans, NKT and Prysmian. |
| I.5.3.1 | Offshore cable installation | ROV | ROVs are usually provided offshore contractor. Manufacturers include Forum Energy Technologies, Louis Dreyfus Travocean, Saab Seaeye and SMD. |
| I.5.3.2 | Offshore cable installation | Cable-handling equipment | Cable-handling equipment is usually provided by the cable installation contractor; in that case, it is either part of the vessel or must be mobilised. Manufacturers: Oceaneering, Fraser Hydraulic Power, Hulst Cable Equipment, Royal IHC, MacArtney SMD and Sparrows. Rental: Caley Ocean Systems, CWind (Global Marine Group), Demanor, Drammen Yard, Oceaneering, Osbit, RentOcean and Sparrows. |
| I.5.4 | Offshore cable installation | Cable burial | The burial and burial tools are usually provided by the cable installation contractor. Vessel contractors: Assodivers, Boskalis, Canyon Offshore (Helix ES), Global Marine, Jan de Nul and Van Oord Offshore Wind. Manufacturers include Canyon Offshore (Helix ES), Osbit, Royal IHC and SMD. |
| I.5.4.1 | Offshore cable installation | Cable burial vessel | Cable burial vessels are provided by a number of offshore vessel operators such as Canyon Offshore (Helix ES), Global Marine and Van Oord Offshore Wind. |
| I.5.4.2 | Offshore cable installation | Cable plough | The cable plough is usually provided by the cable installation contractor, either as part of the vessel or mobilised specifically. Manufacturers: ETA Subsea Specialists, Osbit, Royal IHC and SMD. Rental: ETA Subsea Specialists and Pharos Offshore. |
| I.5.4.3 | Offshore cable installation | Trenching ROV | The trenching ROV is usually provided by the cable installation contractor, either as part of the vessel or mobilised specifically. Manufacturers: Forum Energy Technology, Louis Dreyfus Travocean, Osbit, Royal IHC, SIMEC and SMD. Rental: Dockstr, Oceaneering and James Fischer Marine Services. |
| I.5.4.4 | Offshore cable installation | Vertical injector and jetting sled | The vertical injector or jetting sled is usually provided by the cable installation contractor. Manufacturers: Miah, Royal IHC and Seatools. Rental: ETA Subsea Specialists, Global Marine and Modus. |
| I.5.5 | Offshore cable installation | Cable pull-in | The cable pull-in is usually provided by the cable installation contractor (see [I.5]). Horizontal Directional Drilling: Joseph Gallagher, Eco Drill and McCormack Drilling. |
| I.5.6 | Offshore cable installation | Electrical testing and termination | The electrical testing and termination is usually provided by the cable installation contractor (see [I.5]). Manufacturers of electrical testing equipment and termination tools: 360 Wind, Axess Group, Baur, JDR, Megger, Pfisterer, Tekmar, V&SH Offshore and WT Henley. |
| I.6 | Turbine installation | Turbine installation | A2Sea/GeoSea (DEME Group), Fred. Olsen WindCarrier, Jan de Nul, MPI Offshore, Newwaves Solutions, Seajacks, Statkraft UK, Swire Blue Ocean and Van Oord Offshore Wind. |
| I.6.1 | Turbine installation | Turbine installation vessel | Operators: A2Sea/GeoSea (DEME Group), Fred. Olsen WindCarrier, Jan de Nul, MPI Offshore, Seajacks, Swire Blue Ocean and Van Oord Offshore Wind. Vessel manufacturers: generally in China, Korea, Singapore or the Arabian Peninsula. |
| I.6.1.1 | Turbine installation | Turbine handling equipment and sea fastenings | Component handling tools are often provided to the offshore contractor by the turbine supplier as the tool is specific to a turbine type and installation methodology. |
| I.6.2 | Turbine installation | Commissioning | Final commissioning is expected to be split between the EPCI contractor for the array cable installation and hook-up, and the wind turbine supplier for the wind turbine. |
| I.7 | Construction port | Construction port | UK ports used so far include Able Seaton, Barrow, Belfast, Great Yarmouth, Harwich, Hull, Mostyn and Sheerness. Non-UK ports used for UK projects include Cuxhaven, Eemshaven, Esbjerg, Ijmuiden, Ostende and Vlissingen. Heavy lifting services: Heavy Lift Projects and Mammoet. Health and safety: CASC Support services: Boston Energy, Clarkson port services, Texo and Doyle Shipping. |
| I.8 | Offshore logistics | Offshore logistics | High-level coordination is typically undertaken by the developer. Construction management services: JET Engineering, Asco, DNV, Global Wind Service, LOC Renewables, Osprey, Rhenus Group, PSG Marine & Logistics, SeaRoc, Schmidbauer and Ventolines. |
| I.8.1 | Offshore logistics | Sea-based support | Vessel manufacturers: Alicat, Arklow Marine Services, Damen, Diverse Marine, Integrated Wind Solutions, Maersk, Wagenborg and Wight Shipyard Vessel operators: Fred. Olsen, HST Marine, Mainprize Offshore, Maersk, Turner Iceni, Siem Offshore, Van Oord, Wind Energy Marine, Zelim and Windcat Workboats. |
| I.8.2 | Offshore logistics | Marine coordination | Marine coordination is usually carried out by the developer or a subcontractor. Suppliers of marine coordination: Asco, Livelink Aerospace, James Fisher Marine Services, Royal Dirkzwager, SeaRenergy, SeaRoc, Specialist Marine Consultants, Systematic, VisSim and WindandWater. |
| I.8.3 | Offshore logistics | Weather forecasting and metocean data | Anemometers and lidars: AXYS Technologies, EOLOS, Gill Instruments, Leosphere, ZX Lidars and Wood Group. Current and wave buoys: AXYS Technologies, OSIL Sonardyne, Partrac and RS Aqua. Weather forecast services: Fugro, Met Office, Kjeller Vindteknikk, MetoGroup, StormGeo, Clyde Space Ltd and Vento Maritime. Aerial surveys: HiDef Surveying. In addition, the vessel contractor generally provides wind measurements (for example via anemometer mounted on crane boom or lidar). |
| O | Operations, Maintenance and service | The wind farm owner will oversee and fulfil overall site operations activities. In terms of wind turbine planned maintenance and service in response to faults, wind turbines are typically under warranty for the first five to ten years of operations and the wind turbine suppliers offer a service level agreement during this period to provide turbine maintenance and service. After this initial warranty period, the wind farm owner may maintain and service the wind farm using an in-house team, contract to a specialist company or develop an intermediate arrangement where turbine technicians transfer to the wind farm owner at the end of the warranty period. |
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| O.1 | Operations | Operations | The owner of the wind farm typically creates a special-purpose vehicle to operate the project. This may have several shareholders, one of which is likely to take a lead role. Operations tasks for offshore wind farms are typically provided by the majority wind farm owner. Some aspects of wind farm operations are contracted to companies such as Boston Energy, Deutsche Windtechnik, James Fisher Marine Services and 3Sun. |
| O.1.1 | Operations | Training | Typically training occurs at a local scale through Global Wind Organisation (GWO) certified organisations including: Advanced Industrial Training, ARCH, Boston Energy, CWind (Global Marine Group), Falck Safety Services, Fleetwood Nautical Campus, Heightec, Maersk Training, MRS Training and Rescue, National Wind Farm Training Centres, Offshore Marine Academy, VRAI and ProntoPort. The GWO training standards are now widely adopted in the offshore wind industry. The GWO is a non-profit body founded by leading wind turbine suppliers and/or operators. |
| O.1.2 | Operations | Onshore logistics | The wind farm operator will establish OMS port facilities during the installation process, as many support vessels active during the operational phase will operate from local ports. The wind farm owner will typically occupy quayside facilities, operating on a long-term lease with the owner of the port infrastructure. |
| O.1.3 | Operations | Offshore logistics | The wind farm owner will setup and manage a marine operations centre at the main OMS port. Third party suppliers of marine coordination services and software include ONYX Insight, SeaRoc (Fred. Olsen), Vissim, and Windandwater.dk. |
| O.1.3.1 | Operations | Crew transfer vessels | Vessel operators: Acta Marine Wind Services, MJ Power, BA Technologies, Mainstay Marine Solutions, MPI Workboats, Njord Offshore, Northern Offshore Services, North Sea Logistics, OEG Renewables, Seacat Services, Turbine Transfers and Windcat Workboats. Manufacturers: Alicat, Fjellstrand, Fred. Olsen WindCarrier, Manor Renewables, South Boats and Umoe. |
| O.1.3.2 | Operations | Service operation vessels | Vessel operators: Acta Marine, Bernard Schulte, Bibby Marine, Esvagt, Louis Dreyfus Travocean, Østensjø Rederi and Vroon. Manufacturers: Astilleros Gondanm Cemre, Damen, North Star, Royal IHC and Ulstein. |
| O.1.3.3 | Operations | Turbine access systems | Suppliers include Ampelmann, Fjellstrand, Houlder, Osbit, Uptime, Pict Offshore and Windcat. |
| O.1.3.4 | Operations | Helicopters | Operators: Babcock, Bond Aviation Group, Heli Service International and Northern Helicopter. Manufacturers: Airbus, Leonardo and Sikorsky. |
| O.1.4 | Operations | Health and safety inspections | Suppliers include Bureau Veritas, Sennen Tech, DNV-GL, SGS and TÜV SÜD. |
| O.1.4.1 | Operations | Health and safety equipment | Aspli, Trauma Resus, Viking Life Saving Equipment, Fennex, Zelim, Pict Offshore and WFE Safety. |
| O.2 | Maintenance and service | Maintenance and service | Maintenance and service activities are provided by a combination of the owner’s in-house resources, wind turbine suppliers and third party service providers. These are further defined under the sub-headings below. Suppliers include: James Fisher Marine Services, Boston Energy, ONYX Insight, Pict Offshore, Cognitive Business and Swire Renewable Energy. |
| O.2.1 | Maintenance and service | Turbine maintenance and service | The wind turbine supplier, during the defect notification period (DNP) and for the duration of any agreed contract beyond the DNP. The wind farm owner may seek to bring service capability in-house or to engage an independent service provider (ISP), which involves seeking agreement with the manufacturer for the supply of spares, software systems and specialist expertise. ISPs include Aquaterra, JR Dynamics, Sedwell, EchoBolt, Boston Energy,Deutsche Windtechnik, James Fischer Marine Services, Pict Offshore, ONYX Insight, Swire Renewable Energy and 3Sun. |
| O.2.1.1 | Maintenance and service | Blade inspection and repair | Service suppliers include Bladefence, Cyberhawk, Deutche Windtechnik, DNV-GL, FORCE Technology, GEV, Global Wind Service, James Fisher Marine Services, Mistras, Natural Power (Fred. Olsen), Swire Renewable Energy and 3Sun. Inspection technology suppliers include ABJ, BladeBug, Anakata Wind Power, Cornis, Scoptico, SkySpecs and TSR Wind. |
| O.2.1.1.1 | Maintenance and service | Unmanned aerial vehicle | Manufacturers: Aerial Vision, Anakata Wind Power, ASV Global, DJI and SkyFront. Operators: Cyvberhawk, Esvagt, Force Technology, Perceptual Robotics and SkySpecs. |
| O.2.1.1.2 | Maintenance and service | Autonomous vessels | Suppliers include Fugro, Sulmara, Unmanned Survey Solutions, and Xocean. |
| O.2.1.2 | Maintenance and service | Main component refurbishment, replacement and repair | Suppliers include Boston Energy, James Fisher Marine Services, Seajacks, Fred. Olsen WindCarrier and Ziton. |
| O.2.1.2.1 | Maintenance and service | Large component repair vessel | See turbine installation vessels [I.6.1]. |
| O.2.2 | Maintenance and service | Balance of plant maintenance and service | CWind (Global Marine Group), Fred. Olsen WindCarrier, James Fisher Marine Services, DORIS, Ocean Infinity, OEG Renewables, Sulmara, Venterra, First Marine Solutions, JDR Cable Systems, Synaptec, Acteon Group, Briggs Marine, Correll Group, Maritime Developments, Oceaneering, Pharos Offshore, Rotech Subsea, SMD, W3G Marine, Boston Energy, Pict Offshore and 3Sun. |
| O.2.2.1 | Maintenance and service | Foundation inspection and repair | Suppliers include CWind (Global Marine Group), Deutsche Windtechnik, Fugro, Global Wind Service, Mistras, Offtech Wind and Strainstall (James Fisher). |
| O.2.2.1.1 | Maintenance and service | Remotely operated vehicle | Manufacturers: ECA Hytec, Saab Seaeye and Seatronics. Operators: Fugro, James Fisher Marine Services, Verlume HonuWorx and BEAM. |
| O.2.2.1.2 | Maintenance and service | Autonomous underwater vehicle | Manufactures: ECA Hytec, General Dynamics, Teledyne Marine Gavia and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Operators: Fugro, Modus, Verlume and UTEC. |
| O.2.2.2 | Maintenance and service | Cable inspection and repair | Offshore works: Boskalis, Briggs Marine, CWind (Global Marine Group), Offshore Marine Management, Oceaneering, Power CSL, Flexlife, Pharos Offshore, Leask Marine and Seatech Commercial Diving. Electrical works: Boskalis, Power Cable Services. |
| O.2.2.3 | Maintenance and service | Scour monitoring and management | Inspection: CodaOctopus, DHI. Management: HR Wallingford, Norfolk Marine and Subsea Protection Systems. Cable monitoring: Proserv and Synaptec. |
| O.2.2.4 | Maintenance and service | Substation maintenance and service | High voltage electrical contractors such as ABB, Alstom, GE, Schneider Group and Siemens Power Transmission and Distribution. Offshore contractors such as Deutsche Windtechnik, Petrofac |
| D | Decommissioning | Contractors will be similar to those used for installation. Likely also other offshore operators will enter the space, including players with offshore oil and gas decommissioning experience who will not get involved with new product installation. |
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| D.1 | Turbine decommissioning | Turbine decommissioning | Turbine installation contractors such as A2Sea/GeoSea (DEME Group), Seajacks and Van Oord Offshore Wind can provide turbine decommissioning. Likely also other offshore operators will enter the space, including players with offshore oil and gas decommissioning experience. |
| D.2 | Foundation decommissioning | Foundation decommissioning | Foundation installation contractors such as Boskalis, Decom Engineering, Ashtead, Geosea (DEME Group) and Jan de Nul can provide foundation decommissioning. Likely also other offshore operators will enter the space, including players with offshore oil and gas decommissioning experience. |
| D.3 | Cable decommissioning | Cable decommissioning | Cable installation contractors such as Boskalis, Global Marine and Subsea 7 can provide cable decommissioning. In addition, companies such as CRS Holland, Pharos Offshore, Rotech Subsea and Subsea Environmental Services can carry out subsea cable recovery. |
| D.4 | Offshore Substation decommissioning | Offshore Substation decommissioning | Substation installation contractors such as Boskalis, Saipem and Seaway Heavy Lifting (Subsea 7) can provide substation decommissioning. |
| D.5 | Decommissioning port | Decommissioning port | Similar to installation ports, but also including facilities with less stringent requirements and locations dedicated to decommissioning. Examples in the UK include Belfast, Great Yarmouth and Hull and specialist decommissioning facilities at Seaton. Non-UK ports include Eemshaven, Esbjerg and Vlissingen. Ideally, decommissioning ports will have salvage and processing facilities on site and some ports may develop expertise in handling certain types of materials. In some cases, some specialisations developed as part of oil and gas decommissioning may be valuable, even if this involves additional transit time from the wind farm site. |
| D.6 | Reuse, recycling or disposal | Reuse, recycling or disposal | Contractors that provide salving/recycling include Wood Thilsted, Continuum Composite Transformation, Plaswire, Renewable Parts, Delta Marine, DUC Marine Group and Scaldis Salvage & Marine. |